The Claret Jug Explained: Golf’s Oldest Trophy

The trophy handed to the winner of The Open Championship isn’t a cup, a bowl, or a shield, it’s a wine pitcher. The Claret Jug, officially “The Golf Champion Trophy,” is the oldest prize in major championship golf and one of the oldest in all of sports, first awarded in 1873 and still presented on the 18th green every July, engraved with the new champion’s name minutes after the final putt drops.

Its origin story is stranger than most fans know: the jug only exists because a 19-year-old was so dominant he won the original prize outright and kept it, forcing the championship to skip a year, whip-round for funds, and commission a replacement. And the jug the champion lifts today isn’t the original at all, that one was retired to a glass case nearly a century ago after organizers decided its travels were getting too risky.

With the 2026 Open at Royal Birkdale next week (July 16-19), here’s the full story. The chart below covers the essentials, the origin saga, the rules of custody, the engraving ritual, and the jug’s best legends. Take a look, then we’ll break it all down.

The Claret Jug
Golf’s oldest trophy: the wine pitcher every champion chases
1873
first awarded
1
year winners keep it
1928
original retired
Jul 16
next chapter: Birkdale
The essentials
Official name The Golf Champion Trophy; nobody has ever called it that
Why “Claret Jug” It’s shaped as a Victorian pitcher for claret, the Bordeaux wine of the era’s clubhouses
The maker Mackay Cunningham & Co. of Edinburgh, commissioned in 1872 for about 30 pounds
The title it confers “The Champion Golfer of the Year”, golf’s oldest and best honorific
Age check Predates the Wimbledon men’s trophy (1887) and every other golf major’s prize by decades
The Open itself dates to 1860 at Prestwick, thirteen years OLDER than its own famous trophy, and the gap in between is the best origin story in silverware.
The origin: how a teenager forced the jug to exist
1860-1870 The original prize is the Challenge Belt: red Moroccan leather, silver buckle
1868-1870 Young Tom Morris, still a teenager, wins THREE straight, and keeps the belt forever, per the rules
1871 No trophy = no championship: The Open simply isn’t played
1872 Three clubs fund a new trophy; the jug is ordered but not ready in time
The punchline 1872 winner: Young Tom Morris AGAIN (4 straight); his name is engraved first, but Tom Kidd (1873) is the first to actually receive it
So the first name on the Claret Jug belongs to a man who was never handed it, because he’s the reason it had to be built. Sports trivia does not get better.
The rules of custody
The deal The champion keeps the jug for ONE year, then returns it before the next Open
The consolation A replica to keep forever (plus the champion’s gold medal)
The one they hand out Itself a replica: the 1872 original was retired to the R&A clubhouse in 1928
The freedom clause Unlike most trophies, the year of custody is genuinely unsupervised: it travels
The Wimbledon and Stanley Cup comparison: Wimbledon champions get minutes with the original and a 3/4-size replica; Open champions get a full year of unsupervised custody, which is why the jug’s legend file is so much thicker.
The engraving ritual
The speed The champion’s name is engraved on-site, within minutes of the winning putt
The craft One engraver, by hand, working live as the 18th-green ceremony assembles
The pressure Playoffs and late collapses mean the engraver waits for certainty like everyone else
The announcement “The Champion Golfer of the Year is…”, the same phrasing for a century and a half
By the time the champion lifts the jug for photographers, his name is already part of its history, the fastest permanent record in major sports.
Life with the jug: the legend file
The drinking tradition Champions famously drink from it: wine, beer, and far worse have all been poured
The travel log It has ridden in overhead bins, pubs, and team buses; custody years are road trips
Why 1928 happened Decades of exactly this convinced the R&A to retire the original to a display case
Next engraving Royal Birkdale, July 19, 2026, name No. 150-something joins the pitcher
The jug’s whole charm is that it’s an object built for a dinner table, treated like one for a year at a time, and somehow also the most venerable prize in golf.
History per the R&A and Open Championship records: Challenge Belt 1860-1870, no championship 1871, jug commissioned 1872 and first presented 1873, original retired to the R&A in 1928. The 155th Open runs July 16-19, 2026 at Royal Birkdale. Current as of July 2026.

A wine pitcher, officially “The Golf Champion Trophy”

Golf’s most storied prize is, functionally, tableware. The Claret Jug takes its everyday name from its shape, a Victorian silver pitcher of the kind used to serve claret (Bordeaux wine) in 19th-century clubhouses, and almost nobody uses its real one: “The Golf Champion Trophy,” commissioned in 1872 from Mackay Cunningham & Co. of Edinburgh for roughly £30. It confers golf’s oldest honorific, “The Champion Golfer of the Year,” announced in the same phrasing on the 18th green for a century and a half, and it predates every other major trophy in the sport by decades. The Open itself is older still, dating to 1860 at Prestwick, and the thirteen-year gap between the championship’s birth and its trophy’s is the whole story.

The teenager who broke the first trophy system

The Open’s original prize was the Challenge Belt, red Moroccan leather with a silver buckle, awarded under a fateful rule: win it three consecutive times and it’s yours forever. For eight years this was theoretical; then Young Tom Morris, the sport’s first prodigy, won 1868, 1869, and 1870, the last of those as a 19-year-old by a margin still legendary, and walked home with the belt permanently. With no trophy, the 1871 Open simply wasn’t played, the only gap in its early history that wasn’t a war. Three clubs (Prestwick, the R&A, and the Honourable Company of Edinburgh Golfers) split the cost of a replacement, the jug was ordered for 1872, and history added its punchline: the jug wasn’t finished in time, the 1872 champion was Young Tom Morris again, four straight, and so the first name engraved on the Claret Jug belongs to a man who was never handed it. The first champion to actually receive the jug was Tom Kidd, in 1873.

One year of custody, and the world’s fastest engraving

The modern arrangement is a masterpiece of tradition management. The champion keeps the jug for one year, genuinely keeps it, unsupervised, which is why its legend file includes every beverage imaginable, airline overhead bins, and pub counters across several continents, then returns it before the next Open and retains a replica plus the gold medal. The jug handed over each July is itself the 1928 replica: decades of champion custody convinced the R&A to retire the 1872 original to the clubhouse at St Andrews, where it has stayed for nearly a century. And the presentation carries the sport’s fastest permanence: a lone engraver works by hand on-site, adding the champion’s name within minutes of the winning putt, so that by the time the trophy is lifted for photographs, its newest line of history is already cut. The next name goes on at Royal Birkdale on July 19, and our Open coverage will be live all week for it.

Final Word

The Claret Jug, explained: officially The Golf Champion Trophy, a £30 Edinburgh wine pitcher commissioned in 1872 because a teenager won the original Challenge Belt outright and forced the championship to skip a year; first engraved for the man who caused it all (Young Tom Morris) and first presented to someone else entirely (Tom Kidd, 1873); held by each Champion Golfer of the Year for exactly one year of famously unsupervised custody; engraved live within minutes of victory; and, since 1928, itself a replica while the original rests at the R&A. Golf’s oldest prize is a jug you could pour dinner from, which is precisely why it’s the best trophy in the sport.

For how other sports handle their silverware, see the Wimbledon trophies explained (with its own replica system and a mysterious pineapple) and the World Cup trophy (which winners don’t get to keep at all). Full Open Championship coverage, including the Birkdale guide and winners history, lands here this week.