What Happens If The Open Championship Ends in a Tie? The Playoff Format Explained

If The Open Championship ends in a tie after 72 holes, the Claret Jug is decided by a three-hole aggregate playoff: the tied players go back out, play three designated holes, and the lowest combined score wins. If they’re still level after those three, it goes to sudden death, hole by hole, until someone breaks the tie. There is no next-day return — the champion is crowned on Sunday evening, whatever it takes.

It hasn’t come to that in a while. The last Open playoff was in 2015, when Zach Johnson beat Louis Oosthuizen and Marc Leishman at St Andrews under the old four-hole aggregate format, which the R&A used from 1989 through 2018 before trimming it to three holes ahead of the 2019 Open. Before 1989, tied Opens were settled the hard way — a full 18-hole playoff the following day, and in the earliest era 36 holes; Bob Charles won the last of the 36-hole marathons in 1963.

Each major handles ties differently, and The Open’s three-hole format sits in the middle of the spectrum — more golf than the Masters’ sudden death, less than the U.S. Open once demanded. The comparison, and every aggregate-era Open playoff, is charted below.

NFL History

What Happens If The Open Ends in a Tie

The playoff format, every modern playoff, and how the majors compare

3Playoff Holes
8Since 1989
2015Last Playoff
1963Last 36-Holer

How Every Major Settles a Tie

Formats as of 2026.

Tournament Playoff Format Detail
The Open 3-hole aggregate Then sudden death if still tied; lowest combined score wins
PGA Championship 3-hole aggregate Same structure as The Open
U.S. Open 2-hole aggregate Adopted in 2018, replacing a full 18-hole Monday playoff
The Masters Sudden death Starts on the 18th; first player to win a hole outright takes the green jacket

Every Open Playoff of the Aggregate Era

All were played under the four-hole format; the R&A moved to three holes ahead of the 2019 Open.

Year Winner Defeated Venue Notes
2015 Zach Johnson Oosthuizen & Leishman St Andrews The most recent Open playoff
2009 Stewart Cink Tom Watson Turnberry Denied the 59-year-old Watson a sixth Claret Jug
2004 Todd Hamilton Ernie Els Royal Troon
2002 Ernie Els Levet, Appleby & Elkington Muirfield Four-man playoff; Els won in extra sudden death
1999 Paul Lawrie Van de Velde & Leonard Carnoustie After Van de Velde’s 72nd-hole collapse
1998 Mark O’Meara Brian Watts Royal Birkdale The last playoff at this week’s venue
1995 John Daly Costantino Rocca St Andrews After Rocca’s putt through the Valley of Sin
1989 Mark Calcavecchia Grady & Norman Royal Troon The first aggregate playoff in Open history

Why Aggregate, Not Sudden Death

The R&A has long argued a championship shouldn’t turn on one swing. Three holes is the compromise: enough golf to reward the better player that evening, short enough to finish before the light goes on a Scottish or English July night.

The Ones That Hurt

Open playoffs skew cruel: Tom Watson, age 59, one par putt from history before losing to Cink in 2009; Jean Van de Velde triple-bogeying the 72nd at Carnoustie in 1999 and then losing the playoff; Rocca’s miracle putt in 1995 rewarded with a Daly rout.

Birkdale’s Last Playoff

The venue hosting the 2026 Open has seen it before: Mark O’Meara beat Brian Watts in a four-hole playoff at Royal Birkdale in 1998 — the last time a tie was broken on these links.

How the Three Holes Work in Practice

The R&A designates the playoff holes in advance each year — typically a closing stretch that keeps the crowds around the 18th — and all tied players compete simultaneously as one group. Strategy changes with the math: unlike sudden death, a bogey doesn’t eliminate you, and unlike 18 holes, there’s no time to recover from a disaster, which is why aggregate playoffs tend to be won with three steady pars rather than heroics. If the group is still level after three, the format collapses into sudden death on a designated hole until the Champion Golfer of the Year is decided.

The Bottom Line

A tied Open goes to a three-hole aggregate playoff the same evening, with sudden death as the backstop — a format used since 2019, after three decades of four-hole playoffs and a century of next-day marathons before that. Eight men have won the Claret Jug this way since 1989, none since Zach Johnson in 2015, and if the 2026 Open at Royal Birkdale produces the ninth, it would be the venue’s first playoff since 1998. For the rest of the championship’s machinery, see how many golfers make the cut and our ranking of Open venues by difficulty.